feat(渲染): 添加Sprite类并实现基础渲染功能

添加Sprite类用于2D精灵渲染，支持纹理、着色器、颜色、翻转等属性
在Application中增加批处理渲染逻辑
在示例游戏中添加测试精灵

Frostbite2D/include/frostbite2D/2d/sprite.h

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <frostbite2D/2d/actor.h>
+#include <frostbite2D/graphics/texture.h>
+#include <frostbite2D/graphics/shader.h>
+#include <frostbite2D/graphics/types.h>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace frostbite2D {
+
+class Sprite : public Actor {
+public:
+  Sprite();
+  explicit Sprite(Ptr<Texture> texture);
+  virtual ~Sprite();
+
+  static Ptr<Sprite> createFromFile(const std::string& path);
+  static Ptr<Sprite> createFromMemory(uint8* data, int width, int height, int channels);
+
+  void Render() override;
+
+  void SetTexture(Ptr<Texture> texture);
+  Ptr<Texture> GetTexture() const { return texture_; }
+
+  void SetShader(const std::string& shaderName);
+  void SetDefaultShader();
+  const std::string& GetShaderName() const { return shaderName_; }
+  bool HasCustomShader() const { return !shaderName_.empty(); }
+
+  void SetSourceRect(const Rect& rect);
+  const Rect& GetSourceRect() const { return srcRect_; }
+
+  void SetColor(const Color& color);
+  void SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a = 1.0f);
+  const Color& GetColor() const { return color_; }
+
+  void SetFlippedX(bool flipped);
+  void SetFlippedY(bool flipped);
+  bool IsFlippedX() const { return flippedX_; }
+  bool IsFlippedY() const { return flippedY_; }
+
+  void SetBlendMode(BlendMode mode);
+  BlendMode GetBlendMode() const { return blendMode_; }
+
+  void SetSizeToTexture();
+
+private:
+  void updateTransform();
+  Shader* getActiveShader() const;
+  Quad createQuad() const;
+
+  Ptr<Texture> texture_;
+  std::string shaderName_;
+  Color color_ = Color(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
+  Rect srcRect_;
+  bool flippedX_ = false;
+  bool flippedY_ = false;
+  BlendMode blendMode_ = BlendMode::Normal;
+  Transform2D transform_;
+
+  static constexpr const char* DEFAULT_SHADER = "sprite";
+};
+
+}
+

Frostbite2D/src/frostbite2D/2d/sprite.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+#include <frostbite2D/2d/sprite.h>
+#include <frostbite2D/core/application.h>
+#include <frostbite2D/graphics/renderer.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace frostbite2D {
+
+Sprite::Sprite()
+  : Actor() {
+}
+
+Sprite::Sprite(Ptr<Texture> texture)
+  : Actor()
+  , texture_(texture) {
+}
+
+Sprite::~Sprite() {
+}
+
+Ptr<Sprite> Sprite::createFromFile(const std::string& path) {
+  Ptr<Texture> texture = Texture::loadFromFile(path);
+  if (!texture) {
+    SDL_LogError(SDL_LOG_CATEGORY_APPLICATION, "Failed to load texture: %s", path.c_str());
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  auto sprite = MakePtr<Sprite>(texture);
+  sprite->SetSizeToTexture();
+  return sprite;
+}
+
+Ptr<Sprite> Sprite::createFromMemory(uint8* data, int width, int height, int channels) {
+  Ptr<Texture> texture = Texture::createFromMemory(data, width, height, channels);
+  if (!texture) {
+    SDL_LogError(SDL_LOG_CATEGORY_APPLICATION, 
+                  "Failed to create texture from memory");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  auto sprite = MakePtr<Sprite>(texture);
+  sprite->SetSizeToTexture();
+  return sprite;
+}
+
+void Sprite::Render() {
+  if (!IsVisible()) {
+    RenderChildren();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!texture_) {
+    RenderChildren();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Renderer& renderer = Renderer::get();
+  Batch& batch = renderer.getBatch();
+
+  Shader* shader = getActiveShader();
+  if (!shader || !shader->isValid()) {
+    RenderChildren();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  updateTransform();
+
+  Quad quad = createQuad();
+
+  batch.submitQuad(quad, transform_, texture_, shader, blendMode_);
+
+  RenderChildren();
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetTexture(Ptr<Texture> texture) {
+  texture_ = texture;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetShader(const std::string& shaderName) {
+  shaderName_ = shaderName;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetDefaultShader() {
+  shaderName_.clear();
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetSourceRect(const Rect& rect) {
+  srcRect_ = rect;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetColor(const Color& color) {
+  color_ = color;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a) {
+  color_ = Color(r, g, b, a);
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetFlippedX(bool flipped) {
+  flippedX_ = flipped;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetFlippedY(bool flipped) {
+  flippedY_ = flipped;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetBlendMode(BlendMode mode) {
+  blendMode_ = mode;
+}
+
+void Sprite::SetSizeToTexture() {
+  if (texture_) {
+    SetSize(texture_->getWidth(), texture_->getHeight());
+  }
+}
+
+void Sprite::updateTransform() {
+  Vec2 pos = GetPosition();
+  float rotation = GetRotation();
+  Vec2 scale = GetScale();
+
+  transform_ = Transform2D::translation(pos.x, pos.y) * 
+               Transform2D::rotation(rotation) * 
+               Transform2D::scaling(scale.x, scale.y);
+}
+
+Shader* Sprite::getActiveShader() const {
+  Renderer& renderer = Renderer::get();
+  ShaderManager& shaderManager = renderer.getShaderManager();
+
+  if (!shaderName_.empty()) {
+    Shader* shader = shaderManager.getShader(shaderName_);
+    if (shader && shader->isValid()) {
+      return shader;
+    } else {
+      SDL_LogWarn(SDL_LOG_CATEGORY_APPLICATION, 
+                 "Shader '%s' not found or invalid, fallback to default", 
+                 shaderName_.c_str());
+    }
+  }
+
+  return shaderManager.getShader(DEFAULT_SHADER);
+}
+
+Quad Sprite::createQuad() const {
+  Rect srcRect = srcRect_;
+  if (srcRect.empty()) {
+    srcRect = Rect(0, 0, texture_->getWidth(), texture_->getHeight());
+  }
+
+  Vec2 destPos(0, 0);
+  Vec2 destSizeVec = GetSize();
+  if (destSizeVec.x == 0) {
+    destSizeVec.x = srcRect.width();
+  }
+  if (destSizeVec.y == 0) {
+    destSizeVec.y = srcRect.height();
+  }
+
+  Rect destRect(0, 0, destSizeVec.x, destSizeVec.y);
+  
+  Vec2 texSize(texture_->getWidth(), texture_->getHeight());
+
+  Quad quad = Quad::createTextured(
+    destRect, srcRect, texSize,
+    color_.r, color_.g, color_.b, color_.a
+  );
+
+  if (flippedX_) {
+    std::swap(quad.vertices[0].texCoord, quad.vertices[1].texCoord);
+    std::swap(quad.vertices[2].texCoord, quad.vertices[3].texCoord);
+  }
+  if (flippedY_) {
+    std::swap(quad.vertices[0].texCoord, quad.vertices[2].texCoord);
+    std::swap(quad.vertices[1].texCoord, quad.vertices[3].texCoord);
+  }
+
+  return quad;
+}
+
+}
+

Frostbite2D/src/frostbite2D/core/application.cpp

@@ -197,7 +197,12 @@ void Application::update() {
 }
 
 void Application::render() {
+  Renderer& renderer = Renderer::get();
+  Batch& batch = renderer.getBatch();
+
+  batch.begin();
   SceneManager::get().Render();
+  batch.end();
 
   if (window_) {
     window_->swap();

Game/src/main.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <frostbite2D/scene/scene.h>
 #include <frostbite2D/scene/scene_manager.h>
+#include <frostbite2D/2d/sprite.h>
 
 using namespace frostbite2D;
 
@@ -28,6 +29,13 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   
   SDL_Log("Starting main loop...");
 
+  auto menuScene = MakePtr<Scene>();
+  SceneManager::get().PushScene(menuScene);
+
+  auto sprite = Sprite::createFromFile("assets\\player.png");
+  sprite->SetPosition(100, 100);
+  menuScene->AddActor(sprite);
+
   app.run();
 
   app.shutdown();